A Web 2.0 website allows users to interact and collaborate with each other through social media dialogue as creators of user-generated content in a virtual community. This contrasts the first generation of Web 1.0-era websites where people were limited to viewing content in a passive manner. Examples of Web 2.0 features include social networking sites or social media sites (e.g., Facebook), blogs, wikis, folksonomies ("tagging" keywords on websites and links), video sharing sites (e.g., YouTube), image sharing sites (e.g., Flickr), hosted services, Web applications ("apps"), collaborative consumption platforms, and mashup applications.
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Web 1.0 is a retronym referring to the first stage of the World Wide Web's evolution, from roughly 1989 to 2004. According to Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy, "content creators were few in Web 1.0 with the vast majority of users simply acting as consumers of content".[14] Personal web pages were common, consisting mainly of static pages hosted on ISP-run web servers, or on free web hosting services such as Tripod and the now-defunct GeoCities.[15][16] With Web 2.0, it became common for average web users to have social-networking profiles (on sites such as Myspace and Facebook) and personal blogs (sites like Blogger, Tumblr and LiveJournal) through either a low-cost web hosting service or through a dedicated host. In general, content was generated dynamically, allowing readers to comment directly on pages in a way that was not common previously.[citation needed]
The popularity of Web 2.0 was acknowledged by 2006 TIME magazine Person of The Year (You).[28] That is, TIME selected the masses of users who were participating in content creation on social networks, blogs, wikis, and media sharing sites.
Instead of merely reading a Web 2.0 site, a user is invited to contribute to the site's content by commenting on published articles, or creating a user account or profile on the site, which may enable increased participation. By increasing emphasis on these already-extant capabilities, they encourage users to rely more on their browser for user interface, application software ("apps") and file storage facilities. This has been called "network as platform" computing.[5] Major features of Web 2.0 include social networking websites, self-publishing platforms (e.g., WordPress' easy-to-use blog and website creation tools), "tagging" (which enables users to label websites, videos or photos in some fashion), "like" buttons (which enable a user to indicate that they are pleased by online content), and social bookmarking.
Users can provide the data and exercise some control over what they share on a Web 2.0 site.[5][29] These sites may have an "architecture of participation" that encourages users to add value to the application as they use it.[4][5] Users can add value in many ways, such as uploading their own content on blogs, consumer-evaluation platforms (e.g. Amazon and eBay), news websites (e.g. responding in the comment section), social networking services, media-sharing websites (e.g. YouTube and Instagram) and collaborative-writing projects.[30] Some scholars argue that cloud computing is an example of Web 2.0 because it is simply an implication of computing on the Internet.[31]
A third important part of Web 2.0 is the social web. The social Web consists of a number of online tools and platforms where people share their perspectives, opinions, thoughts and experiences. Web 2.0 applications tend to interact much more with the end user. As such, the end user is not only a user of the application but also a participant by:
The popularity of the term Web 2.0, along with the increasing use of blogs, wikis, and social networking technologies, has led many in academia and business to append a flurry of 2.0's to existing concepts and fields of study,[39] including Library 2.0, Social Work 2.0,[40]Enterprise 2.0, PR 2.0,[41] Classroom 2.0,[42] Publishing 2.0,[43] Medicine 2.0,[44] Telco 2.0, Travel 2.0, Government 2.0,[45] and even Porn 2.0.[46] Many of these 2.0s refer to Web 2.0 technologies as the source of the new version in their respective disciplines and areas. For example, in the Talis white paper "Library 2.0: The Challenge of Disruptive Innovation", Paul Miller argues
Here, Miller links Web 2.0 technologies and the culture of participation that they engender to the field of library science, supporting his claim that there is now a "Library 2.0". Many of the other proponents of new 2.0s mentioned here use similar methods. The meaning of Web 2.0 is role dependent. For example, some use Web 2.0 to establish and maintain relationships through social networks, while some marketing managers might use this promising technology to "end-run traditionally unresponsive I.T. department[s]."[48]
Many regard syndication of site content as a Web 2.0 feature. Syndication uses standardized protocols to permit end-users to make use of a site's data in another context (such as another Web site, a browser plugin, or a separate desktop application). Protocols permitting syndication include RSS (really simple syndication, also known as Web syndication), RDF (as in RSS 1.1), and Atom, all of which are XML-based formats. Observers have started to refer to these technologies as Web feeds. Specialized protocols such as FOAF and XFN (both for social networking) extend the functionality of sites and permit end-users to interact without centralized Web sites.
Mastodon is free and open-source software for running self-hosted social networking services. It has microblogging features similar to Twitter, which are offered by a large number of independently run nodes, known as instances, each with its own code of conduct, terms of service, privacy policy, privacy options, and content moderation policies.[6][7][8]
Each user is a member of a specific Mastodon instance (also called a server), which can interoperate as a federated social network, allowing users on different instances to interact with each other. This is intended to give users the flexibility to select a node whose policies they prefer, but keep access to a larger social network. Mastodon is also part of the Fediverse ensemble of computer servers, which use shared protocols allowing users to interact with other users on computers running compatible software packages[9] such as PeerTube and Friendica. Mastodon is crowdfunded and does not contain ads.
Mastodon servers run social networking software that is capable of communicating using W3C's ActivityPub standard, which has been implemented since version 1.6.[13] A Mastodon user can therefore interact with users on any other server in the Fediverse that supports ActivityPub.
Mastodon is written as free and open-source software (FOSS) for federated microblogging, which anybody can contribute code to, and which anyone can run on their own server infrastructure, if they wish, or join servers run by other people[35] within the fediverse network.[36] Its server-side software is powered by Ruby on Rails and Node.js, and its front end is written in React.js and Redux.[37] The database software is PostgreSQL.[38] The service is interoperable with the decentralized social networks and platforms which use the ActivityPub protocol between each other.[39] Since version 3.0, Mastodon dropped previous support for OStatus.[40][41]
Musk's acquisition became final on 27 October 2022. Mastodon had an increase of 70,000 new users from a resultant "diaspora" on 28 October alone.[60][61] Daily downloads increased substantially, rising from 3,400 daily downloads on 27 October to 113,400 on 6 November 2022.[62] According to Rochko, by 3 November, use of the federated network had grown to 665,000 active users, with a few growing pains. In particular, Mastodon's largest instance, mastodon.social, needed capacity upgrades to handle the new load.[11][63] Accounts on a server called journa.host founded by Adam Davidson are restricted to professional journalists.[64]
In 2017, Pixiv launched a Mastodon-based social network named Pawoo.[83] The service was acquired by media company Russell in 2019. Pawoo is banned by most instances on Mastodon due to allowing lolicon art.[84][85]
CakeDC, the commercial entity behind the CakePHP framework, was established by Larry Masters, the founder of CakePHP. CakeDC offers CakePHP development, consultancy, CakePHP training and code review Services. From startups and social networks, to e-commerce and enterprise level applications, CakeDC provides the highest quality CakePHP development available.
AppNeta Performance Manager is the only network performance monitoring platform that delivers actionable, end-to-end insights from the end-user perspective. Together with Fortinet, AppNeta's SaaS-based solution enables IT to baseline performance before rollout, demonstrate achievable value during pilot-phase testing, and continuously validate end-to-end network performance.
A1 instances continue to offer significant cost benefits for scale-out workloads that can run on multiple smaller cores and fit within the available memory footprint. The new M6g instances are a good fit for a broad spectrum of applications that require more compute, memory, networking resources and/or can benefit from scaling up across platform capabilities. M6g instances will deliver the best price-performance within the instance family for these applications. M6g supports up to 16xlarge instance size (A1 supports up to 4xlarge), 4GB of memory per vCPU (A1 supports 2GB memory per vCPU), and up to 25 Gbps of networking bandwidth (A1 supports up to 10 Gbps).
EC2 High Memory instances with 3, 6, 9, and 12 TiB of memory are powered by an 8-socket platform with Intel Xeon Platinum 8176M (Skylake) processors. EC2 High Memory instances with 18 and 24 TiB of memory are the first Amazon EC2 instances powered by an 8-socket platform with 2nd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable (Cascade Lake) processors that are optimized for mission-critical enterprise workloads. EC2 High Memory instances deliver high networking throughput and low-latency with up to 100 Gbps of aggregate network bandwidth using Amazon Elastic Network Adapter (ENA)-based Enhanced Networking. EC2 High Memory instances are EBS-Optimized by default, and support encrypted and unencrypted EBS volumes. 2ff7e9595c
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